I. COURSE DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE:This online course is designed to allow students in the southeast region of the united states to attend a human anatomy course counting as a prerequisite for the Master in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Medical University of South Carolina. The course will cover the detailed features of all bones, the origins, insertions, actions and innervation of all muscles, the detailed features of all organs of the human body. The 3 hour credit course is organized in 4 modular units: 1. the upper extremity unit 2. the head and neck unit 3. the back, thorax and abdomen unit and 4. the lower extremity unit.
II. LECTURE FACULTY
Thierry Bacro, Lecturer and Course Director
Steve Janos, Lecturer
Ms. Lisa Saladin, Lecturer
III. REQUIRED COURSE MATERIALS:
- Netter, FH: Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition. East Hanover: Novartis, 1998
- Snell, RS: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students (5th Edition) Boston: Little Brown, 1995.
- Personal computer with reliable connection to the internet
IV. LECTURES AND LABORATORIES
The course consists of a total of 45 videotaped lectures matching notes posted on the internet (in WebCT). After viewing the tapes and studying the notes, the students must visit the anatomy laboratories matching the lectures and found on the MUSC edweb server under the Human Anatomy Online.
The requirements per week are as follows:
- 3 videotaped lectures per week using the notes posted on the internet and the macthing anatomy labs
- 1 review per week using the chatline (group of 10 students maximum per review)
V. COURSE OBJECTIVES
UNIT I
1. Name the origins and insertions of all muscles associated with the upper extremity.
2. Describe the basic functions of these muscles.
3. Name the nerve and general arterial supplies of all muscles associated with the upper extremity.
4. Demonstrate knowledge of all structural entities of the upper extremity
5. Describe the structural relationship of a sample structure to all neighboring structures.
6. Describe the effect of injury to specific peripheral nerves (i.e. muscles affected, specific deformity encountered).
7. Demonstrate knowledge of the locations for palpation of the pulse in major arteries of the upper limb.
8. Demonstrate knowledge of the locations of major nerves of the upper limb
9. Identify all dermatomes of the upper limb.
UNIT II
1. Name the origins and insertions of all muscles detailed for study that are associated with the head and neck and back.
2. Describe the basic functions of these muscles.
3. Name the nerve supply of all the above muscles.
4. Demonstrate all structural entities of the head and neck
5. Describe the structural relationship of a sample structure to all neighboring structures.
6. Understand and describe those clinical abnormalities as discussed in class.
7. Demonstrate knowledge of the locations for palpation of the pulse in major arteries of the head and neck.
8. Demonstrate knowledge of the locations of major nerves of the head and neck, along with their cutaneous distributions.
9. Demonstrate sensory and/or motor functions, as they apply for the 12 pairs of cranial nerves (including pupillary light and accommodation reflexes, corneal reflex, and gag reflex).UNIT III
1. Discuss the bony thorax and relate to the muscles of respiration.
2. Identify the major vessels and nerves of the thorax. Be able to name structures(s) supplied by each.
3. Demonstrate all organic structural entities of the thorax
4. Describe the structural relationship of a sample structure to all neighboring structures.
5. Describe the surface projections of the thoracic viscera.
6. Discuss the composition of the abdominal wall and identify all structures
7. Identify and know the significance of the contents of the spermatic cord.
8. Demonstrate visceral and peritoneal structures of the abdomen. Be able to describe the structural relationship of a sample structure to all neighboring structures.
9. Identify the major vessels of the abdominal cavity.
10. Describe in general terms the innervation of the GI Tract.
11. Describe the surface projections of the abdominal viscera.
12. Describe and identify the male and female pelvic organs, and external structures.
UNIT IV
1. Name the origins and insertions of all muscles associated with the lower extremity.
2. Describe the basic functions of these muscles.
3. Name the nerve and general arterial supplies of all muscles associated with the lower extremity.
4. Demonstrate all structural entities of the lower extremity on the prosection, models, skeleton, or each other (where applicable).
5. Describe the structural relationship of a sample structure to all neighboring structures.
6. Describe the effect of injury to specific peripheral nerves (i.e. muscles affected, specific deformity encountered).
7. Demonstrate knowledge of the locations for compression and palpation of the pulse in major arteries of the lower limb.
8. Outline and identify all dermatomes of the lower limb.
IX. COMPUTERIZED INTERACTIVE LEARNING PROGRAMS
The use of a personal computer able to connect with the internet is required for the course. However, we can not help the students choosing, purchasing, installing or maintaining their computers.
A. An internet site: http://ulna.musc.edu:8900/SCRIPT/rs416/scripts/serve_home is dedicated to the human anatomy course. Once you register, you will be able to access your account by login your last name (the first letter upper case) and the last 4 digits of your social security number as a password. Created and maintained by Dr. Bacro using WebCT software, this site offers the possibility to read and print your lecture notes, post questions on a bulletin board or to use on-line computer chat to review the materials with the instructor. These features will be discussed in details during the computer orientation and computer labs.
B. Human Anatomy: http://edweb.library.musc.edu/haonline3/index.asp
Our department owns the files on the MUSC server of this interactive anatomy program. Use of this program by each of you is a course requirement. The program is compatible with both apple and window personal computers. This program shows actual dissections and allows you to locate and identify structures matching the lectures. You will be given a unix account during the orientation phase and will receive a username (usually your last name followed by your initials) and a random password. This will allow you to access the human anatomy software through the internet. This computer aid is meant to supplement your actual videotaped lectures.
XIII. EXAMS:
There will be four quizzes and four exams Total
Written Practicals Quiz 1 Coeff.
Exam 1 Upper Limb 50 Pts 30 Pts 20 0.5 50 50
Exam 2 Head and Neck 50 Pts 30 Pts 20 1 100 100
Exam 3 Back, Thorax and Abdomen 50 Pts 30 Pts 20 1 100 100
Exam 4 Lower Extremity 50 Pts 30 Pts 20 1 100 100
Total Points: 350
13.1 Quizzes
The quizzes (20 points each) will consist of 1 slides (2 points each) on which the students will have to identify an anatomical structure studied in lecture or on a prosection. Most (not all...) of the images used on these slides will be captured from the Human Anatomy Software.
13.2 Written Exams:
For the written exams (50 points), the students will be responsible for any material discussed in lecture or assigned as reading in your syllabus, atlas, laboratory guide, or in hand-outs. Written exams will be taken on computers (WebCT) and consist of objective questions, such as multiple choice, matching, etc... Practice exams will be available on the computers before the written exams to familiarize the students with the process. Students in need of special accommodations must approach the course director (792-1981) to discuss reasonable accommodations.
See the master schedule for written exams schedule.
13.3 Practical exams (total of 30 points):
For all practical exams (30 points), the students will responsible for all structures studied in lecture, or found in the laboratory identification appendices of the syllabus (unless otherwise instructed), and for structures that can be identified in the prosections or on the Human Anatomy CD. The practical exam will consist of 15 slides (2 points each) on which the students will have to identify an anatomical structure studied. Most of the images used on these slides will be captured from the Human Anatomy CD.
See the master schedule for practical exams schedule.
XIV. GRADING SCALE:
In accordance with the general grading policy of the College of Health Professions, the following grading scale will be used to assign grades.
% Equivalent Reported as Quality Points
95 and above 4.0
94 3.9
93 3.8
92 3.7
91 3.6
90 3.5
89 3.4
88 3.3
87 3.2
86 3.1
85 3.084 2.9
83 2.8
82 2.7
81 2.6
80 2.5
79 2.4
78 2.3
77 2.2
76 2.1
75 2.074 1.8
73 1.6
72 1.4
71 1.2
70 1.00-69 0.0
When your practical exam has been graded and returned to you, you will observe your raw score (total number correct) in the upper right corner of page one.
If you wish to convert your raw score to a percentage score, simply divide your raw score by the total number of items on the exam. For example, if you have a raw score of 50 on a 60 item practical exam, your percent grade will be a 83%, or a 2.8. To find your total score on an exam, add both your written exam raw score and your practical exam raw score. Divide the sum obtained by the TOTAL number of points possible on both written and practical exams to obtain your percent equivalent. For example, if you have a raw score of 45 on a 50 item written exam, and a raw score of 50 on a 60 item practical exam, then your percent grade will be 86% or a 3.1.
Corrected exams will be returned to you as soon as possible after each exam.
XV. SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR PROSECTION AND LABORATORY STUDY
Prepare for each day by reading the assignment and studying appropriate pictures in your atlas and text. Complement your knowledge by studying the Human Anatomy CD or online, as well the Radiology CD.
Review your anatomical relationships and structures! Good times for review are evenings and weekends when there is less noise in the prosection and computer labs. Review with a friend sometimes. Explaining things to others is an excellent way to learn, and serves to reveal deficiencies in your knowledge. Quizzing one another is very useful.
Devise a rotation system whereby everyone in your group has equal opportunity to study actively. Work together as a team. Teach one another; share your findings with one another. Avoid busywork! Be sure that your time spent in the lab is contributing to your learning.
While taking a practical exam, avoid tunnel vision, i.e., looking solely at the structure that is shown. Observe the position of the structure in relation to the whole body; is it toward the lateral, medial, superior or inferior side? Observe the structures that are a part of those that are closely related to the tested structure.
Don't fall behind! Because of the large amount of material covered in Human Anatomy, it is very difficult to catch up once you have fallen behind schedule. The teaching staff is here to guide and assist you in your study of Gross Anatomy. Do not hesitate to request assistance from any of the instructors. We wish each of you success and enjoyment in an adventure that few are privileged to undertake.
XVI. OPTIONAL REVIEW SESSIONS
A number of reviews will be offered throughout the course by the different instructors. These reviews are optional; however, each of you is invited and encouraged to attend. Reviews are usually comprehensive of the material covered but in some case offer new details. If you choose on your own not to attend the reviews, your are relinquishing all rights concerning the rebuttal of material covered during these reviews.
XVII. OFFICE HOURS AND CONSULTATION
The purpose of this course is not only to teach you anatomy, but to teach you how to learn anatomy and to prepare you to become independent clinicians. In three years, you will be working in a clinic... In some instances, you will not remember some anatomical details and you will not have a professor to answer your questions. You may have to open an anatomy book, search in the index and check the answer in the book. You may want to discuss that question with a fellow clinician. We would like to encourage that independent approach in acquiring the knowledge of anatomy and lead you to become independent learners.
Once you have thoroughly checked your question(s) by using the resources available to you and if you still are unsure of the answer(s), you are most welcome to approach us. Due to the size of the class, we want you to e-mail us your question(s) using Netscape e-mail. We will respond to your queries once a day, by e-mail. Every question and the matching answer will be sent back to the whole class.
We will also exchange using very modern ways of communications, such as bulletin boards and chatlines. To access these please, logon the internet site as indicated below and follow the directions.
How to access the RS-416 WebCT site for anatomy created by Dr. Bacro
- Start Netscape by clicking the proper icon
- click on Human Anatomy RS 416 OR enter http://webct3.musc.edu:8900/SCRIPT/rs416/scripts/serve_home as a location
- Enter then your user name and your password to enter the course and push enter
- Scroll down to see all icons
- Double click on the section you want to enter
- Use the buttons at the bottom or top of the page to navigateNote that, from my homepage, you can post questions for your fellow students or for me to answer by using the bulletin board or you can chat online with any other user on line at that time. Feel free to contact me if you have questions (bacrotr@musc.edu).